Her Courage Rises: Extended Bibliography

Her Courage Rises

Extended Bibliography

Her Courage Rises: 50 Trailblazing Women of British Columbia and the Yukon features social activists and politicians, artists and writers, scientists and healers, pioneers and prospectors, athletes and entrepreneurs, teachers and cultural tradition keepers.

In addition to the Selected Bibliography in the book, the author has compiled the following extended bibliography of sources. This extended bibliography includes all 50 individuals featured in the book and is arranged by last name.

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Edith Berkeley (1875–1963)

Marine Biologist | Nanaimo, BC | page 82

• Ainley, Marianne. “Berkeley [formerly Bergtheil; née Dunington], Edith (1875–1963).” Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, September 23, 2004. Accessed June 23, 2019.
• ———. Despite the Odds: Essays on Canadian Women and Science. 137. Montreal: Vehicule Press, 1990.
• American Fisheries Society. “Legends of Canadian Fisheries, Science and Management.” Accessed June 23, 2019.
• Holmlund, Mona, and Gail Youngberg. Inspiring Women: A Celebration of Herstory. Regina: Coteau Books, 2003.
• Hubbard, J. M., David Wildish, and Robert L. Stephenson. A Century of Marine Science: The St. Andrews Biological Station. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2016.
• Knowbc.com. “Berkeley’s Eualid.” Accessed June 23, 2019.
• Needler, A. “Edith and Cyril Berkeley.” Canadian Encyclopedia, April 13, 2018. Accessed June 23, 2019.
• Pettibone, M. H. “Type-Specimens of Polychaetes Described by Edith and Cyril Berkeley (1923 1964),” Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 119 (3553), Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, 1967. Accessed June 23, 2019.
• Purcell, J. E., and David G. Welch. “In Memoriam: Dr. Mary N. Arai.” PICES Press, 26 (2), 2018: 15–16. Accessed June 23, 2019.
• Redford, Gabrielle. “Why Should We Care About Marine Worms?” National Wildlife Federation, April 1, 2001. Accessed June 23, 2019.

Martha Black (1866–1957)

Politician, Botanist, and Pioneer | Dawson City & Whitehorse, Yukon | page 112

• Backhouse, Frances. Women of the Klondike. Vancouver: Whitecap Books, 1995.
• Duncan, Jennifer. Frontier Spirit: The Brave Women of the Klondike. Toronto: Doubleday Canada, 2003.
• Wynard, Flo. Martha Black: Her Story from the Gold Fields of Dawson to the Halls of Parliament. Whitehorse: Caribou Classic, 2007.

Dorothy Blackmore (1914–1996)

Ship Captain | Port Alberni, BC | page 56

• Bloedel, Julius. “Letter to Dorothy Blackmore, March 20, 1946.” Personal collection of Patricia Currie. Accessed December   14, 2019.
• Currie, Patricia. “About Dorothy Blackmore.” Accessed June 21, 2019.
• ———. “Re: Dorothy Blackmore story.” Personal correspondence with the author, December 2, 2019.
• Harbord, Heather. “Capt. Dorothy Blackmore: Pioneer Port Alberni Skipper.” Western Mariner, June 2004: 21–23.
• Harlow, K.E. “A Brief Look at Tugboat History.” Harlow Marine International, Inc, May 2013. Accessed June 21, 2019.
• Knox, Jack. “A Tale of Two Captains, and a Sincere Mea Culpa.” Times Colonist, April 14, 2019. Accessed June 21, 2019.
• Neill, A.W. “Letter to George Blackmore. January 12, 1937.” Personal collection of Patricia Currie. Accessed December 14, 2019.
• Pacific Motor Boat. “It’s Miss Captain to You, Mate!” December 1945: 46–47.
• Toronto Star Weekly. “Women Invade Traditional Male Domains.” July 14, 1946.
• Terry, Pat. “Capt. Dorothy Blackmore of Port Alberni, Follows Dad.” Vancouver Sun, December 6, 1937.
• West Coast Advocate. “Police Boat Makes Thrilling Rescue on Stormy West Coast.” March 14, 1946.

Capi Blanchet (1892–1961)

Writer and Seafarer | Saanich, BC | page 20

• Blanchet, M.W. The Curve of Time. Vancouver: Gray’s Publishing, 1968.
• Converse, Cathy. Following the Curve of Time: The Legendary M. Wylie Blanchet. Victoria: TouchWood Editions, 2008.
• Kuhlman, Cara. “Why I Named My Boat ‘Capi’.” January 22, 2019. Accessed August 10, 2019.
• Liffiton, M. “Meet M. Wylie Blanchet and Muriel W. Liffiton.” January 2004. Accessed August 10, 2019.
• Merriman, Alec. “Vagabond Cruising in Coastal Waters.” Daily Colonist, July 7, 1968.

Lilian Bland (1878–1971)

Aviator and Homesteader | Quatsino Sound, BC | page 54

• Belfast Telegraph. “Journalist, Photographer, Crackshot and the First Woman to Fly an Aeroplane … The Amazing Lilian Bland.” August 13, 2010.
• Boland, Rosita. “Lilian Bland, the First Woman to Fly an Aircraft in Ireland.” Irish Times, August 30, 2016. Accessed August 14, 2019.
• Daily Colonist. “Charles Bland of Quatsino Sound,” November 4, 1973.
• “Lilian Bland.” Accessed August 14, 2019.
• “Lilian Bland: Ireland’s First Female Aviator.” Accessed August 14, 2019.
• McSween, Joseph. “Seagulls Inspired Woman to Build Plane.” Times Colonist, March 20, 1965.
• Memory BC. “Lilian Bland.” Accessed August 7, 2019.
• North Island Gazette. “The Adventurous Life of Lilian Bland.” May 11, 2016.
• Williams, Claire. “Celebrating Lilian Bland on International Women’s Day.” University of British Columbia, March 7, 2019. Accessed August 7, 2019.
• Women’s Museum of Ireland. “Lilian Bland: Pioneering Aviatrix.” Accessed August 14, 2019.

Rosemary Brown (1930–2003)

Politician, Professor, and Activist | Vancouver, BC | page 114

• Forster, Merna. 100 More Canadian Heroines: Famous and Forgotten Faces. Toronto: Dundurn Press, 2004.

Jennie Butchart (1866–1950)

Artist Gardener | Brentwood Bay, BC | page 38

• Artibise, Alan. “Saanich Peninsula.” The Canadian Encyclopedia, February 7, 2006. Accessed on March 23, 2020.
• Birds of a Feather: Victoria B & B. “Butchart Family History—Robert and Jennie.” Accessed March 21, 2020.
• Butchart Gardens. “Our Story.” 2020. Accessed March 21, 2020.
• Canada’s Historic Places. “Butchart Gardens National Historic Site of Canada.” Accessed March 21, 2020.
• Forbes, Elizabeth. “Beauty of the Gardens Brings Founders Close.” Victoria Daily Times, August 5, 1960.
• Forster, Merna. 100 More Canadian Heroines: Famous and Forgotten Faces. Toronto: Dundurn Press, 2004.
• McLeod. Susanna. “Canadian Ingenuity: Colour, Life Where None Existed.” The Kingston Whig Standard, March 31, 2015.
• Preston, Dave. The Story of Butchart Gardens. Victoria: Highline Publishing, 1996.
• Reynolds, Mac. “Mrs. Butchart’s Famous Gardens.” Maclean’s Magazine, September 15, 1952.
• Times Colonist. “Daughters Inherit $500 000 in Estate of Mrs. Butchart.” May 19, 1951.
• ———. “Mrs. R.P. Butchart.” December 14, 1950.
• ———. “Scatter Mrs. Butchart’s Ashes on Inlet Waters.” December 14, 1950.
• Walton, Avis. “Famed Garden was Vision of Jenny Butchart.” Daily Colonist, July 21, 1945.
• Vancouver Sun. “Creator of Famed Island Garden Dies.” December 14, 1950.
• Wolf, Jim. “Isaburo Kishida: British Columbia Pioneer Japanese Landscape Designer.” Sitelines: British Columbia Society of Landscape Architects, February 2003. Accessed March 23, 2020.

Kate Carmack/Shaaw Tláa (1857–1920)

Discoverer of Gold | Carcross, Yukon | page 58

• Albert Johnson, James. “George Carmack: Man of Mystery Who Set Off the Klondike Gold Rush.” Kenmore, Washington: Epicenter Press, 2001.
• Duncan, Jennifer. Frontier Spirit: The Brave Women of the Klondike. Toronto: Doubleday Canada, 2003.
• US National Park Service. “Shaaw Tláa (Kate Carmack).” 2021. Retrieved August 11, 2021

Emily Carr (1871–1945)

Painter | Victoria, BC | page 36

• Beard, Hugh. “Emily Carr: A Woman of All Sorts.” Uploaded by Rodney Mercer, December 9, 2016, YouTube video. Accessed January 19, 2019.
• Carr, Emily. Growing Pains: The Autobiography of Emily Carr. UK: Oxford University Press, 1946.
• Carr, Emily. Sister and I in Alaska. With an introduction by David Silcox. Vancouver: Figure 1 Publishing, 2014.
• Emily Carr University of Art & Design. “Emily Carr, the Artist.” Accessed September 13, 2019.
• Mason, Kerry. “What About Woo? Emily Carr’s Monkey.” Royal BC Museum.
• Royal BC Museum. “Emily Carr Timeline.” Accessed January 19, 2019.
• Vancouver Art Gallery. “Emily Carr: A Biographical Sketch.” Accessed June 8, 2019.

Nellie Cashman (1845–1925)

Miner, Musher, and Businesswoman | Dawson City, Yukon | page 52

• Alaskan Mining Hall of Fame Foundation. “Ellen (Nellie) Cashman (1845-1925).” 2021. Accessed November 14, 2021.
• Duncan, Jennifer. Frontier Spirit: The Brave Women of the Klondike. Toronto: Doubleday Canada, 2003.

Victoria Chung (1897–1966)

Doctor and medical Missionary | Victoria, BC | page 76

• Conn, David. Raincoast Chronicles 22: Saving Salmon, Sailors and Souls. 131. Madeira Park: Harbour Publishing, 2013.
• Forster, Merna. 100 More Canadian Heroines: Famous and Forgotten Faces. Toronto: Dundurn Press, 2004.
• Humphreys, Danda. On the Street Where You Live: Sailors, Solicitors and Stargazers of Early Victoria. Surrey: Heritage House, 2001.
• Peterborough Examiner. “Chinese Woman Doctor to Give Address in City.” February 14, 1948.
• Price, John and Ningping Yu. A Woman in Between: Searching for Dr. Victoria Chung. Vancouver: Chinese Canadian Historical Society of British Columbia, 2019.
• Wong, May Q. City in Colour: Rediscovered Stories of Victoria’s Multicultural Past. Victoria: TouchWood Editions, 2018.
• Yee, Paul. Chinatown: An Illustrated History of the Chinese Communities of Victoria, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton, Winnipeg, Toronto, Montreal and Halifax. Toronto: James Lorimer and Company, 2005.

Jane Constance Cook/Ga’axsta’las (1870–1951)

Activist and Interpreter | Alert Bay, BC | page 108

• Merriam-Webster. “Feminism.” 2019. Accessed September 1, 2019.
• Kwakiutl Band Council. “Our Culture.” 2018. Accessed September 1, 2019.
• Layland, Michael. “Our History: When Capt. Cook First Found the Island.” Times Colonist, October 3, 2014. Accessed September 1, 2019.
• Montpetit, Isabelle. “Background: The Indian Act.” CBC News, May 30, 2011. Accessed September 1, 2019.
• Neel, Ellen. “Beloved Native Lady Passed.” Native Voice, October 1951. Accessed September 1, 2019.
• Robertson, Leslie. Standing Up with G: Jane Constance Cook and the Politics of Memory, Church and Custom. Vancouver: UBC Press, 2012.
• Speck, Wedlidi. Personal interview. November 18, 2019.
• Union of BC Indian Chiefs. “McKenna-McBride Royal Commission.” 2019. Accessed September 15, 2019.

Sonia Cornwall (1919–2006)

Painter and Rancher | Kamloops, BC | page 34

• BC Cowboy Heritage Society. “The BC Cowboy Hall of Fame Archives.” Accessed September 20, 2021.
• Salloum, Sheryl. “Sonia Cornwall: Cariboo Artist.” Cowboy Country Magazine, 2016. Accessed September 30, 2021.
• Salloum, Sheryl. The Life of Bohemian, Rancher and Artist Sonia Cornwall, 1919-2006. Halfmoon Bay: Caitlin Press Inc., 2015.

Florence Edenshaw Davidson (1896–1993)

Weaver and Textile Artist | Masset, BC | page 30

• Blackman, Margaret. During My Time: Florence Edenshaw Davidson, A Haida Woman. Vancouver: Douglas and McIntyre, 1982.
• National Film Board of Canada. “Haida Carver.” 1964.
• Sheenan, Carol. “Florence Davidson.” The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 31, 2021.

Alice Freeman/Faith Fenton (1857–1936)

Gold Rush Journalist and Teacher | Dawson City, Yukon | page 14

• Backhouse, Frances. Women of the Klondike. Vancouver: Whitecap Books, 1995.
• Duncan, Jennifer. Frontier Spirit: The Brave Women of the Klondike. Toronto: Doubleday Canada, 2003.
• Neering, Rosemary. Wild West Women: Travellers, Adventurers and Rebels. Vancouver: Whitecap Books, 2000.

Mary Ann Gyves/Tuwa’hwiye Tusium Gosselim (1854–1941)

Homestead Midwife | Salt Spring Island, BC | page 94

• Akerman, Joe. “Heal the Land, Heal the People: Strengthening Relationships at Hwaaqw’um in the Salish Sea.” Landscape Magazine 6(2), December 15, 2017. Accessed August 14, 2019.
• Kahn, Charles. Salt Spring: The Story of an Island. Madeira Park: Harbour Publishing, 1998.
• Northwest Coach Archaeology. “Revisiting the Salt Spring Archives.” October 6, 2010. Accessed August 14, 2019.
• Roberts, Eric. Salt Spring Saga: An Exciting Story of Pioneer Days. Salt Spring Island: Driftwood, 1962.
• Salt Spring Island Historical Society. “Amazing Women of Salt Spring Island.” 2008. Accessed August 14, 2019.
• Windsor, Sheila. “St. Paul’s: Salt Spring Island’s First Church.” Salt Spring Island Archives. Accessed August 7, 2019.

Ann Elmore Haig-Brown (1908–1990)

Activist and Librarian | Campbell River, BC | page 102

• Boyce, Beth. “Ann Elmore Haig-Brown.” Campbell River Herald, April 24, 2019.
• Campbell River and North Island Transition Society. “What We Do,” 2019. Accessed June 23, 2019.
• Campbell River Social Planning Committee. “Ann Elmore’s Legacy: Preparing for Social Change.” 2009. Accessed June 23, 2019.
• Haig-Brown, Roderick. Measure of the Year: Reflections on Home, Family and a Life Fully Lived. Victoria: TouchWood Editions, 2011.
• Haig-Brown, Valerie. Deep Currents: Roderick and Ann Haig-Brown. Victoria: Orca Book Publishers, 1997.
• Museum at Campbell River. “Haig-Brown Heritage House.” 2014. Accessed June 23, 2019.

Julia Henshaw (1869–1937)

Botanist and Writer | Vancouver, BC | page 80

• Biographi Canada. “Henderson, Julia Willmothe (Henshaw).” Retrieved November 11, 2021.
• Bramham, Daphne. “Julia Henshaw: A Unique Woman of the War.” Vancouver Sun, September 8, 2014.
• Neering, Rosemary. Wild West Women: Travellers, Adventurers and Rebels. Vancouver: Whitecap Books, 2000.

Helen Sawyer Hogg (1905–1993)

Astronomer | Victoria, BC | page 74

• ASTROLab du parc national du Mont-Mégantic. “Helen Sawyer Hogg (1905-1993).” 2022. Retrieved November 7, 2021.
• Forster, Merna. 100 More Canadian Heroines: Famous and Forgotten Faces. Toronto: Dundurn Press, 2004.
• Parks Canada Archives. “This week in History Archives: Helen Sawyer Hogg (1905-1993).” Retrieved November 7, 2021.

Barbara Howard (1920–2017)

Sprinter and Teacher | Vancouver, BC | page 116

• BC Black History Awareness Society. “Barbara Howard.” 2021. Retrieved November 7, 2021.
• Beck, Jason. “Barbara Howard.” BC Sports Hall of Fame.
• Vancouver Community Network. “Sprinter Barbara Howard on Life as East Van PE Teacher.” 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2021.

Lucille Hunter (1878–1972)

Miner and Prospector | Dawson City, Yukon | page 46

• CBC News North. “Yukon’s Black History: Remembering the Intrepid, Courageous Lucille Hunter.” Retrieved August 3, 2021.
• Kilian, Crawford. “On the Trail of the Yukon’s Black Pioneers.” The Tyee, November 18, 2009. Retrieved August 3, 2021.
• Mendorozequeta, Aneke. “Celebrating Lucille Hunter and Her Legacy of Badassery.” Dawson’s Women’s Shelter, February 24, 2021. Retrieved August 3, 2021.
• Yukon Archives. “Hidden History: Black History of the Yukon. Lucille Hunter.” 2007. Retrieved August 3, 2021.

E. Pauline Johnson/Tekahionwake (1861–1913)

Poet and Performer | Vancouver, BC | page 10

• Gray, Charlotte. “The True Story of Pauline Johnson: Poet, Provocateur and Champion of Indigenous Rights.” Canadian Geographic, March 8, 2017.
• Historica Canada. “Pauline Johnson – Canada Education Portal.” 2021. Retrieved July 10, 2021
• Library and Archives Canada. “Emily Pauline Johnson (Tekahionwake)”. Retrieved July 9, 2021.
• Unwin, Peter. Canadian Folk: Portraits of Remarkable Lives. Toronto: Dundurn Press, 2013.

Edith Josie (1921–2010)

Newspaper Correspondent | Old Crow, Yukon | page 8

• CBC. “Yukon Writer Edith Josie Dies”. February 1, 2010. Retrieved July 12, 2021.
• First Nations Drum. “Edith Josie: Here Are the News.” December 26, 2000. Retrieved July 12, 2021.
• Indspire. “Edith Josie: Heritage and Spirituality.” 2021. Retrieved July 12, 2021.
• Rudyk, Mike. “Gwich’in Elder, Columnist Honoured with Bronze Bust in Old Crow.” CBC, August 21, 2019. Retrieved July 12, 2021.
• Smith, Shirleen and Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation. People of the Lakes: Stories of Our Van Tat Gwich’in Elders/Googwandak Nakhuach’ànjòo Van Tat Gwitch’in. Edmonton:University of Alberta Press, 2009.
• Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation. “A Short Autobiography by Edith Josie.” Retrieved July 12, 2021.
• Whitehorse Star. “Star Columnist Edith Josie Named to Order of Canada.” June 29, 1995. Retrieved July 12, 2021.

Frances Oldham Kelsey (1914–2015)

Pharmacologist | Cobble Hill, BC | page 72

• Essinger, James and Koutzenko, Sandra. Frankie: How One Woman Prevented a Pharmaceutical Disaster. North Palm Beach, Florida: Blue Sparrow Books, 2018.
• National Women’s Hall of Fame. “Frances Oldham Kelsey.” 2021. Retrieved August 13, 2021.

Maria Mahoi (1855–1936)

Sailor and Midwife | Russell Island, BC | page 92

• Barman, Jean. “Mahoi (Mahoy, Magoi), Maria.” Dictionary of Canadian Biography 16 (2003). Accessed March 15, 2020.
• ———. Maria Mahoi of the Islands. Vancouver: New Star Books, 2017.
• Parks Canada. “Hawaiian Settlement on Russell Island.” Accessed March 7, 2020.
• Wong, May Q. City in Colour: Rediscovered Stories of Victoria’s Multicultural Past. Victoria: TouchWood Editions, 2018.

Isabella Mainville Ross (1808–1885)

Landowner | Victoria, BC | page 90

• Clark, Cecil. “Yesterday, Today.” The Victorian 697, February 23, 1977.
• Gould, Jan. Women of British Columbia. Surrey: Hancock House Publishers, 1975.
• Goulet, George and Terry Goulet. “Isabella Mainville Ross: First Female Métis Pioneer of Victoria.” June 2014. British Columbia Métis Federation. Accessed March 18, 2020.
• Hilts, Marvin and Richard Brammer. “Isabella Mainville Ross.” Find a Grave, August 24, 2008. Accessed March 18, 2020.
• Powell, Jay and Sam Sullivan. “Chinook Wawa.” Canadian Encyclopedia, February 6, 2006. Accessed March 20, 2010.
• Watts, Richard. “The Woman Behind Ross Bay.” Times Colonist, June 20, 2013. Accessed on March 20, 2020.
• Wong, May Q. City in Colour: Rediscovered Stories of Victoria’s Multicultural Past. Victoria: TouchWood Editions, 2018.

Anna Petrovna Markova (1902–1978)

Doukhobor Pioneer | Castlegar, BC | page 88

• Doukhobor Discovery Centre. “Doukhobor History.” 2022. Accessed March 30, 2022.
• Mattei, Mona. “Rare Doukhobor Recording Re-mastered.” The Boundary Sentinel, December 24, 2012. Accessed March 30, 2022.
• Sainsbury, Brendan. “Canada’s Little-Known Russian Sect.” British Broadcasting Corporation, June 23, 2001. Accessed March 31, 2022.
• Tarasoff, Koozma. “Anna Markova: A Doukhobor Martyr.” November 7, 2011. Spirit-wrestlers.blogspot.com. Accessed March 30, 2022.
• USCC Doukhobors. “Kootenay USCC Ladies Organization: History and Philosophy.” 2013. Accessed March 31, 2022.
• Verigin, JJ. Personal interview. April 16, 2022.

Ruth Masters (1920–2017)

Mountaineer and Environmental Activist | Courtenay, BC | page 68

• Allan, Hazel. “North Americans are a Bunch of Slobs, Says Ruth Masters.” Comox Valley Free Press, July 30, 1975.
• Comox Valley Echo. “Ruth Masters Honoured for Gift of Waterfront.” November 30, 2004.
• Comox Valley Echo. “Referendum to End Bear Hunting.” September 24, 1996.
• Comox Valley Record. “Bear Hug Surprises Ruth.” October 23, 1996.
• Comox Valley Record. “Residents Hail Lasting Legacy.” December 1, 2004.
• Gilbert, Catherine Marie. A Journey Back to Nature: A History of Strathcona Provincial Park. Victoria: Heritage House, 2021.
• Hagen, Judy. “A Generous Gift to the Entire Valley.” Comox Valley Echo, November 23, 2004.
• Lidster, Ian. “Valley Woman Charged for Bear Saving Efforts.” Comox Valley Echo, May 10, 1996.
• Markus, Billie. “Profile of an Activist.” In Focus Magazine, July 1993.
• North Island Advertiser. “Ruth Masters Gift to Museum.” March 1, 1979.
• Quinn, Susan. “
• Quinn, Susan. “Activist Donates Prime Puntledge River Land.” Comox Valley Record, November 24, 2004.
• Rudan, Paul. “Activist Squacks for Change.” North Island Weekender, July 15, 1995.
• Wilson, Bob. “Ruth Masters: Lifetime of Stand Up for Parks, Wilderness and Wildlife.” Federation of Mountain Clubs of British Columbia.

Hannah Maynard (1834–1918)

Police Photographer | Victoria, BC | page 24

• Canadian Women Arts History Initiative. “Maynard, Hannah Hatherly.” 2007. Accessed July 23, 2019.
• Forbes, Elizabeth. Wild Roses at Their Feet: Pioneer Women of Vancouver Island. Vancouver: Evergreen Press Limited, 1971.
• Neering, Rosemary. “An Eccentric Eye.” British Columbia Magazine, 2006.
• Royal BC Museum. “Hannah Maynard.” Accessed July 23, 2019.
• Wilks, Claire Weissman. The Magic Box: The Eccentric Genius of Hannah Maynard. Toronto: Exile Editions Limited, 1980.

Sophie Morigeau (1836–1916)

Free Trader and Rancher | Kootenay Valley, BC | page 44

• Avista Corporation, Spokane Washington. “Crossing Boundaries: The Story of Sophie Morigeau.” YouTube video. Retrieved October 22, 2021.
• Forster, Merna. 100 More Canadian Heroines: Famous and Forgotten Faces. Toronto: Dundurn Press, 2004.
• La Rendezvous de la Francophonie. “Columbia Valley Legend, Sophie Morigeau.” Retrieved October 22, 2021.

Belinda Mulrooney (1872–1967)

Miner and Entrepreneur | Dawson City, Yukon | page 40

• Duncan, Jennifer. Frontier Spirit: The Brave Women of the Klondike. Toronto: Doubleday Canada, 2003.
• Smithsonian Postal Museum. “Belinda Mulrooney: The Richest Woman in the Klondike.” Retrieved Jan 1, 2022.
• News Letter. “Belinda Mulrooney: The Irish Girl Who Became Queen of the Gold Rush.” July 7, 2020. Retrieved Jan 1, 2021.

Phyllis Munday (1894–1990)

Mountaineering Pioneer | Vancouver, BC | page 70

• Bridge, Kathryn. A Passion for the Mountains: The Lives of Don and Phyllis Munday. Surrey: Rocky Mountain Books, 2006.

Kimiko Murakami (1904–1997)

Farmer and Internment Camp Survivor | Salt Spring Island, BC | page 86

• Bains, Camille. “Japanese Canadians Push for Apology from BC Government Over Internment Camps.” Global News, July 21, 2019. Accessed August 12, 2019.
• BC History of Nursing Society. “Rose Murakami.” September 14, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2019.
• BC Housing. “Supportive Housing Breaks Ground on Salt Spring Island.” June 1, 2007. Accessed August 9, 2019.
• Canadian War Museum. “Forced Relocation: The Japanese-Canadian Story.” 2019. Accessed August 12, 2019.
• Greenaway, J.E. “Kimiko Murakami: A Picture of Strength.” Salt Spring Today, December 2005. Accessed August 9, 2019.
• Kahn, Charles. Salt Spring: The Story of an Island. Madeira Park: Harbour Publishing, 1998.
• National Post. “BC Government Apologizes for Treatment of Japanese Canadians.” May 8, 2012. Accessed August 12, 2019.
• Salt Spring Island Historical Society. “Amazing Women of Salt Spring Island.” 2008. Accessed August 14, 2019.
• Tofugu. “Ganbaru.” 2019. Accessed August 11, 2019.

Margaret “Ma” Murray (1888–1982)

Newspaper Columnist and Publisher | Lillooet and Fort St. John, BC | page 12

• Alaska Highway News. “About.” Retrieved July 12, 2021.
• Hume, Stephen. “Canada 150: Salty, Fearless “Ma” Murray edited Lillooet Newspaper.” Vancouver Sun, Feb 2, 2017.
• Louis, Adam. “Louis: Hold up, who was this Ma Murray?” Vancouver Island Free Daily, April 20, 2021. Retrieved July 12, 2021.
• Maclean’s Magazine. “Ma Murray: The Salty Scourge of Lillooet.” March 19, 1966. Retrieved July 12, 2021.

Delina Noel (1880–1960)

Prospector, Hunter, and Trapper | Lillooet, BC | page 48

• BC Gold Adventures. “Grizzly Bears and Gold.” Accessed January 1, 2022.
• Norquist, Suzanne. “Delina Noel: Mine Prospector and Trapper.” Heroes, Heroines, and History, April 10, 2020. Retrieved January 1, 2022.

Minnie Paterson (1878–1911)

Shipwreck Heroine | Bamfield, BC | page 62

• Forbes, Elizabeth. Wild Roses at Their Feet: Pioneer Women of Vancouver Island. Vancouver: Evergreen Press Limited, 1971.
• Gill, Ian and David Nanuk (photog.). Hiking on the Edge: West Coast Trail, Juan de Fuca Trail. Vancouver: Raincoast Books, 1998.
• Graham, Donald. Keepers of the Light: A History of British Columbia’s Lighthouses and Their Keepers. Madeira Park: Harbour Publishing, 1985.
• Green, Valerie and Lynn Gordon-Findlay (illust.). If More Walls Could Talk: Vancouver Island’s Houses from the Past. Victoria: TouchWood Editions, 2004.
• Mason, Adrienne. West Coast Adventures: Shipwrecks, Lighthouses, and Rescues Along Canada’s West Coast. 135. Canmore: Altitude Publishing Canada, 2003.
• Peterson, Jan. The Albernis, 1860–1922. Victoria: Oolichan Books, 1992.
• Paterson, T. W. “Minnie Patterson Braved Storm to Fetch Rescuers for Coloma.” Daily Colonist, November 20, 1906.

Evelyn Penrose (c. 1900–c.1970)

Water Diviner | Kamloops, BC | page 110

• Hoy, Jim. “Water Witching.” Symphony in the Flint Hills Field Journal, 2018. Accessed September 15, 2021.
• Neering, Rosemary. Wild West Women: Travellers, Adventurers and Rebels. Vancouver: Whitecap Books, 2000.

Elizabeth Quocksister (1925–1981)

Photographer and Cultural Teacher | Campbell River, BC | page 22

• Bear, Carol and George Quocksister. Personal interview. November 2, 2019.
• Dignity Memorial. “Captain George Quocksister.” Accessed October 22, 2019.
• Douglas, Kristin. “City of Campbell River Recognizes Community Leader.” Campbell River Mirror, July 16, 2016.
• Kirley, Maria. “Exhibit a Portrait of a Generation.” Campbell River Mirror, June 16, 2011.
• Museum at Campbell River. “Elizabeth Quocksister Collection.” Accessed October 22, 2019.
• Quocksister, George. Personal interview. October 26, 2019.
• Rardon, J.R. “Residential School Demolition to Help Close Door on Dark Period.” Campbell River Mirror, February 12, 2015.
• Wei Wai Kum First Nation. “Candidate Statement: George Quocksister Jr.” Accessed October 23, 2019.
• ———. “Our Culture.” Accessed October 23, 2019.

Ada Annie Rae-Arthur [Cougar Annie] (1888–1985)

Homestead Entrepreneur | Boat Basin, BC | page 42

• Buckland, Peter. Personal interview. July 11, 2019.
• Horsfield, Margaret. Cougar Annie’s Garden. Nanaimo: Salal Books, 1999.
• McIntyre, Sean. “Cougar Annie’s Garden: A Remote Homestead on Vancouver Island Is a Testament to a Pioneer Woman’s Skill and Determination.” Canada’s History, July 20, 2015. Accessed July 19, 2018.
• Times Colonist. “Island’s Cougar Annie Becomes a T-Shirt Icon.” September 9, 2008.
• Whysall, Steve. “Revisiting Cougar Annie’s Garden.” Vancouver Sun, February 25, 2016.

Kate Rockwell (1876–1957)

Performer | Dawson City, Yukon | page 28

• Duncan, Jennifer. Frontier Spirit: The Brave Women of the Klondike. Toronto: Doubleday Canada, 2003.

Alma Russell (1873–1964)

Librarian, Archivist, and Preserver of History | Victoria, BC | page 104

• Chek News. “This Week in History: Alma Russell, Provincial Librarian and Archivist.” December 29, 2018.
• Legislative Library of British Columbia. “Legislative Library Timeline.” Accessed March 31, 2022.
• Leubbe, Erika. “Provincial Library Directors: A History and Timeline.” Legislative Library of British Columbia, Background Paper, 2011 (02). Accessed March 31, 2022.
• KnowBC. “Alma Russell Islands.” Accessed March 30, 2022.
• Royal BC Museum. “Alma Russell.” 2014. Accessed March 31, 2022.
• Royal BC Museum. “History of the BC Archives: Timeline Provincial Archivists.” 2018. Accessed March 31, 2022.

Catherine Schubert (1835–1918)

Overland Explorer | Cariboo Region, BC | page 66

• Forster, Merna. 100 More Canadian Heroines: Famous and Forgotten Faces. Toronto: Dundurn Press, 2004.
• Harris, Carolyn. “Catherine Schubert.” Canadian Encyclopedia, September 3, 2021. Retrieved October 23, 2021.
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Angela Sidney/Ch’óonehte’Ma Stóow (1902–1991)

Writer and Cultural Historian | Carcross, Yukon | page 18

• McLeod, Susanna. “Angela Sidney’s Tagish Stories Were Her Wealth.” The Kingston Whig Standard, October 8, 2019. Retrieved July 17, 2021.
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Lois Smith (1929–2011)

Ballerina | Gibsons, BC | page 118

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Sara Ellen Spencer (1885–1983)

Philanthropist and Businesswoman | Victoria, BC | page 106

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Emma Stark (1856–1890)

Pioneer Teacher | Nanaimo, BC | page 84

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• Nanaimo Free Press. “Mrs. Stark, 106, Salt Spring Island, Ex-Slave, Passes-on.” October 1944.
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• Stark-Wallace, Marie. “From Slavery to Freedom: The History of the Stark Family.” Gulf Islands Driftwood, ten-part series, 1979.

Barbara Touchie/Sičquuʔuƛ (1931–2014)

Language Champion | Ucluelet, BC | page 98

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Émilie Tremblay (1872–1949)

Miner, Store Owner, and Midwife | Dawson City, Yukon | page 50

• Duncan, Jennifer. Frontier Spirit: The Brave Women of the Klondike. Toronto: Doubleday Canada, 2003.
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Hazel Anna Wilson/Jut-ke-nay (1941–2016)

Textile Artist | Uttewas (Old Masset) and Vancouver, BC | page 26

• Weder, Adele. “Artist Hazel Wilson Stitched Haida History into Blankets.” The Globe and Mail, May 31, 2016. Retrieved July 20, 2021.
• Canadian Museum of History. 2021. “Button Blankets.” Retrieved July 21, 2021.
• Kramer, Jennifer. “Ask MOA: What Is This Blanket?” University of British Columbia Museum of Anthropology, May 26, 2020. Retrieved July 21, 2021.
• Simeon, Dana. Personal interview. April 13, 2022.

Nellie Yip Quong (1882–1949)

Midwife, Public Health Nurse, and Activist | Vancouver, BC | page 96

• Forster, Merna. 100 More Canadian Heroines: Famous and Forgotten Faces. Toronto: Dundurn Press, 2004.
• Parks Canada. “Yip Quong Nellie, National Historic Person.” 2021.
• Vancouver Sun. “New Plaque Commemorates Vancouver Chinatown’s Significance in Immigrant History.” May 13, 2007.

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